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Az Erdélyi Mezőség kincse: a gyepvegetáció egyedülálló gazdagsága
Kun András – Ruprecht Eszter – Bartha Sándor – Szabó Anna – Virágh Klára

Kivonat:

We studied a meso-xeric grassland in the surroundings of the village Valea Florilor (46º66.N, 23º86.E, 350-450 m a.s.l.), in the south-western part of the Transylvanian Lowland, Romania. The studied grassland is situated on the northern-north-eastern slope of the Gorganu Hill (Dealu Gorganu, 464 m a.s.l.), with a 5-10º slope degree. This is a very old secondary grassland, formed after deforestation and used as a pasture (for cattle) for decades. The dominant species are Festuca rupicola, Koeleria cristata, Brachypodium pinnatum, Carex humilis, Briza media, Carex tomentosa. The grassland is very rich in dicotyledonous species, and species typical for steppe and woodland-steppe vegetation types live together with species of more mesic habitats (meadow steppes). It belongs to the Danthonio-Festucetum rupicolae association (Danthonio-Stipion tirsae Alliance). We made a 1040 units long, circular belt transects composed of adjacent small quadrats of size 5 cm × 5 cm at the end of May 2003. Compared to other grasslands the studied grassland is unusually rich in species both on stand and fine scale. It has a very balanced dominance structure and is highly homogenous. Most commonly, 7, 8 or 9 species occurred in a 5 cm × 5 cm microquadrat and the number of realised species combinations is really high, reaching the theoretically possible maximum. The unexpected richness and structural diversity are attributed to the high landscape scale diversity (high propagule availability), the stable and extensive land-use practice and the special biotic conditions (summer precipitation maxima, nutrient-rich soils).