Botanikai-Természetvédelmi Folyóirat

Journal of Pannonian Botany

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Kitaibelia vol. 3 – no. 1. (1998) p.41-40.

Az Epipacto atrorubentis-Fagetum Less leírásának érvényessé tétele
Less Nándor
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Kivonat:

This newly described beech forest of the southern part of Bükk Mts. inhabits surfaces of Nummulite-bearing limestones of Eocene age and has a very uncommon species composition and physiognomy. Its bedrock is present only sporadically in regions of Eger-Noszvaly and of Kisgyőr.

Epipactio atrorubentis-Fagetum Less 1998 ass. nova hoc loco is typical of such steep and rocky slopes which are covered with the crumbled porous bedrock and are very similar to dolomite surfaces. It was detected at localities called Csertó, Bikk-bérc and Leső-hegy, respectively. The community occurs at low altitudes (250-500 m) predominantly on northern and western seldom on southern slopes. Canopy cover is 70-80% while the shrub (8-15%) and grass-layer (10-15%) are weakly developed but both are rich in species. Carpinus is missing from canopy almost completely and Fagus is often dominant. Its physiognomy with a stunted canopy of Fagus resembles to that of Seslerio-Fagetum described from dolomite slopes of Northern-Bükk but the community posseses a clearly distinct species composition.  Its phytosociological position is in the sub-alliance of Cephalanthero-Fagenion.

Constant characteristic species are Epipactis atrorubens and Cephalanthera damasonium. Dominants of the grass-layer are Convallaria majalis, Clematis recta, Viola hirta and Erysimum odoratum. Other surprising elements of the species set are Aconitum moldavicum, Colutea arborescens, Cotinus coggygria, Daphne mezereum, Frangula alnus and Laser trilobum with some further orchids as Epipactis microphylla, E. helleborine, Cephalathera longifolia and C. rubra.

The most important phytosociological groups are Querco-Fagetea (36%) and species common both to Querco-Fagetea and Quercetea pubescenti-petraeae (18%). Fagetalia (10%), Quercetea pubescenti-petraeae (12%) and grassland species (6%) are also significant.